Robert Louis
Stevenson was born in Edinburgh in 1850 and attended Edinburgh University, where
he studied before engineering and then law.
However, he decided to become a professional writer, going against family expectations. Moreover, he rebelled against his father’s Calvinist religion.
Several trips and travels abroad due to his consumption asserted literary tendencies of Stevenson: in 1873
Stevenson went to the French Riviera and undertook a canoe tour in Belgium (1876) and described it in An inland voyage (1878). Then he moved
to California where he met a woman, Frances Osbourne, and they got married.
The travel memoir The Silverado squatters written in 1883 is the result of his stay in California. He collected essays, short stories and fragments, which were published in periodicals: Virginibus puerisque (1881); The new Arabian nights (1882); Familiar studies of men and books (1882) are some examples.
In 1884 they
returned to England for three years.
His first
adventure novel is Treasure Island, a pirate story which was written during his stay in Marseille and Hyères, and his masterpiece is The Strange Case of Dr Jekyll and Mr Hyde, a short horror and mystery novel
according to the example of Edgar Allan Poe. In this novel Stevenson highlights the
ethical problems raised by the great progress of science in the Victorian Age.
Sharing the literary experience of Walter Scott about historical novels, Stevenson wrote three Scottish historical novels: Kidnapped, The Master of Ballantrae and Catriona.
During his stay, he tried to understand Pacific inhabitants and customs, which are
described in travel sketches In the South Seas.
He died in 1894 because of a haemorrhage.
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