“Dubliners” is a collection of fifteen short stories written by James Joyce in which the author analyses the failure of self-realisation of inhabitants of Dublin in biographical and in psychological ways. The novel was originally turned down by publishers because they considered it immoral for its portrait of the Irish city. Joyce treats in “Dubliners” the paralysis of will in four stages: childhood, youth, maturity and public life. The paralysis of will is the courage and self-knowledge that leads ordinary men and women to accept the limitations imposed by the social context they live in. In “Dubliners” the style is both realistic - to the degree of perfectly recreating characters and idioms of contemporary Dublin - and symbolic – giving the common object unforeseen depth and a new meaning in order to show a new view of reality. Joyce defines this effect “epiphany” which indicates that moment when a simple fact suddenly explodes with meaning and makes a person realise his / her condi...
Agincourt battle
In 1337, war between England and France broke out when Edward III claimed the vacant throne of France.
One of the most famous victories in English history was achieved by Henry V at Agincourt.
The conflict was interrupted by other tragic events such as the Bubonic plague or Black Death.
Under Henry VI's reign, the French obtained spectacular victories thanks to Joan of Arc.
In the end, the English kings had lost all their continental possessions.
Opposition to the Church developed in the second half of the 14th century under the leadership of John Wycliffe, a member of Oxford University who attacked the supremacy of the Pope.
From 1454 to 1485 there was a civil war between the two noble houses of York and Lancaster.
It was called the War of the Roses because symbols of Lancaster and York families were respectively red rose and white rose.
The war was won by Henry Tudor of the Lancastrian dynasty, and he became Henry VII of England.
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