The Beatles were one of the most successful and influential rock bands of the 20th century. The group was formed by the "Fab Four": John Lennon (rhythm guitar, vocals), Paul McCartney (bass guitar, vocals), George Harrison (lead guitar, vocals), and Ringo Starr (drums, vocals). From Liverpool to Global Domination Formed in Liverpool in 1960, they dominated the British and international charts from 1962 to 1970. In the early 1960s, their enormous popularity sparked a global phenomenon known as "Beatlemania." As their music grew in sophistication—led by primary songwriters Lennon and McCartney—the band evolved from pop idols into the embodiment of the 1960s counterculture. They experimented with psychedelia, Indian classical music, and studio techniques that changed the face of the recording industry forever. A Prolific Legacy The Beatles wrote over 200 songs (including 186 original compositions released during their active years). Their catalog includes timeless mast...
When Queen Elizabeth I died without leaving a direct heir, the throne of England went to James I, who ruled at the same time Scotland as James VI. He believed in the divine right of kings to rule and in the subjection of Parliament to the king's will. Moreover, he imposed as requisite to hold public office the conformity of a person to the rites of Anglican Church. In result of it, Catholics and Puritans were excluded. For this reason, English Catholics organized the Gunpowder Plot , so-called because they tried to blow up the king and Parliament session. The plot was denounced and Catholics were executed. Meanwhile, Puritans were persecuted and a group of them, called the Pilgrim Fathers, sailed to America, where they founded New Plymouth in Massachusetts. Charles I, James I 's son and successor, continued his father's policy. He dissolved Parliament and ruled the country as an absolute monarch. Foreign difficulties obliged king to establish a Parliament in April 1640 fo...