“Dubliners” is a collection of fifteen short stories written by James Joyce in which the author analyses the failure of self-realisation of inhabitants of Dublin in biographical and in psychological ways. The novel was originally turned down by publishers because they considered it immoral for its portrait of the Irish city. Joyce treats in “Dubliners” the paralysis of will in four stages: childhood, youth, maturity and public life. The paralysis of will is the courage and self-knowledge that leads ordinary men and women to accept the limitations imposed by the social context they live in. In “Dubliners” the style is both realistic - to the degree of perfectly recreating characters and idioms of contemporary Dublin - and symbolic – giving the common object unforeseen depth and a new meaning in order to show a new view of reality. Joyce defines this effect “epiphany” which indicates that moment when a simple fact suddenly explodes with meaning and makes a person realise his / her condi
Women and love
The central theme of Shakespeare's tragedies is the obsessive desire for love and power. In this type of play Shakespeare's heroines have an active role.
Juliet, who loved absolutely Romeo, found the strenght to oppose her parents and relatives.
Women and power
In the eternal struggle for power that goes on in world history and everyday society, Shakespeare's heroines don't display stereotyped femal behaviour.
For example, in Macbeth , Lady Macbeth isn't a complement to her husband, but rather the driving force of the play; she has a deeply desire for power.
Shakespeare stresses this aspect of her personality, often, making her wish she was a man.
Fathers and daughters
Shakespeare's daughters aren't weak submissive creatures, despite the social conditions which dictated that women were legally bound to their fathers or husbands.
For example, in King Lear, the daughter openly defies her father's authority, refusing to admit her love for him at his command.
The fact is that Cornelia sincerely love her father as a person, but she refuses his role as an oppressive and bad-tempered father.
Rhetoric in love and policy
All Shakespeare's plays contain at least one long rhetorical speech, usually spoken by the most important male characters.
These monologues are central to the meaning of the play and are often connected to its main themes.
Rhetoric helps Shakespeare to explore a character's make-up, his/her weak points and obsessions.
The world as a stage
The metaphor of the world as a stage was common in Renaissance culture, but in Shakespeare's playworks it became an essential element.
In The Merchant of Venice , for example, Antonio views with a philosopher's eye and describes the world as "a stage where every man must play a part".
This image is best represented in Macbeth's utter pessimism: "Man is only a poor player, who is given no more than an hour upon the stage and then is heard no more".
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