“Dubliners” is a collection of fifteen short stories written by James Joyce in which the author analyses the failure of self-realisation of inhabitants of Dublin in biographical and in psychological ways. The novel was originally turned down by publishers because they considered it immoral for its portrait of the Irish city. Joyce treats in “Dubliners” the paralysis of will in four stages: childhood, youth, maturity and public life. The paralysis of will is the courage and self-knowledge that leads ordinary men and women to accept the limitations imposed by the social context they live in. In “Dubliners” the style is both realistic - to the degree of perfectly recreating characters and idioms of contemporary Dublin - and symbolic – giving the common object unforeseen depth and a new meaning in order to show a new view of reality. Joyce defines this effect “epiphany” which indicates that moment when a simple fact suddenly explodes with meaning and makes a person realise his / her condi
It was influenced by Existentialism - a philosophical movement which saw man as determined by his own free will - in seeing life as meaningless: the time has no past or future on which to rely but rather a series of repetitions without any purpose.
The main dramatists like Samuel Beckett, Harold Pinter and Tom Stoppard adopted the disintegration of language, reduction of sentences to minimum, silence and bare movements.
This basic language, moreover, was characterized by a few recurrent devices:
- there is no secondary clauses, but short and mainly principal sentences;
- there is a common pattern based on question/answer or question/question;
- there is the repetition of words or whole sentences in consecutive lines;
- questions are often meaningless and answers are, in their turn, unsatisfactory or incomplete, in order to enhance the inability of language to really communicate;
- pauses and silence pinpoint the characters’ speeches, highlighting the absurd quality of the exchanges.
By the way, the theatre of the Absurd represented the lack of belief in the capacity of language to help people communicate.
Commenti
Posta un commento