The Beatles were one of the most successful and influential rock bands of the 20th century. The group was formed by the "Fab Four": John Lennon (rhythm guitar, vocals), Paul McCartney (bass guitar, vocals), George Harrison (lead guitar, vocals), and Ringo Starr (drums, vocals). From Liverpool to Global Domination Formed in Liverpool in 1960, they dominated the British and international charts from 1962 to 1970. In the early 1960s, their enormous popularity sparked a global phenomenon known as "Beatlemania." As their music grew in sophistication—led by primary songwriters Lennon and McCartney—the band evolved from pop idols into the embodiment of the 1960s counterculture. They experimented with psychedelia, Indian classical music, and studio techniques that changed the face of the recording industry forever. A Prolific Legacy The Beatles wrote over 200 songs (including 186 original compositions released during their active years). Their catalog includes timeless mast...
After Queen Victoria's death, her son Edward VII came to the throne in 1901.
His reign was characterized by widespread industrialization, the growth of urban areas, an increase in population and the extension of the transport network. On Edward VII's death, his son George V came to the throne in 1910. This period was characterized by Belle Époque which ended with the outbreak of the First World War.
In June 1914 the heir to the Austrian throne, the Archduke Franz Ferdinand, was assassinated in Sarajevo, Serbia, during an official state visit.
Immediately, Austria and Germany declared war on Serbia and, next months, France, Russia and Britain sided with Serbia.
According to historians, the economic and political instabilities, which date back to 40 years ago, were real causes of the First World War. These causes are recognizable in the division of the global market (French-English capitalism against German capitalism) by European countries and the affirmation of its political supremacy.
This division was easily organized according to the two opposed alliances;
- the Triple Alliance (1882): which included Austria-Hungary empire, Germany and Italy;
- the Triple Entente (1907): which included France, England and Russia.
The main contrasts between European countries were:
- French-German conflict (1870-71): which was based on possession of Alsace and Lorraine between Germany and France. France lost this conflict and was animated by the desire for revenge against Germany;
- Anglo-German contrast for the growing economic power of Germany and for the division of the German colonies in Africa which broke the continuity of the English ones;
- Austriac-Russian conflict over hegemony in the Balkan region.
In 1918 the First World War ended.
During the war, over 900.000 British troops died. Britain had fought the war mostly in the trenches of northern France and World War I was a shock for a whole generation which was faced with the horrors of modern warfare.
Commenti
Posta un commento