Animal Farm , written by George Orwell , is a political fable that tells the story of a group of farm animals who rebel against their cruel human master, hoping to create a society where all animals are equal, free, and happy. Inspired by the dream of the wise old pig Old Major, the animals overthrow the farmer Mr. Jones and take control of the farm, renaming it Animal Farm. At first, the animals work together to build an egalitarian community based on the principles of Animalism, summarized in the Seven Commandments painted on the barn wall. However, over time, the pigs—led by the cunning and power-hungry Napoleon—begin to seize control. They gradually assume privileges, manipulate language and truth, and use fear and propaganda to maintain power. Eventually, they become indistinguishable from the humans they once overthrew. This allegory clearly reflects the events of the Russian Revolution of 1917 and the rise of Stalinism. The animals represent different social and political groups...

He received a practical education in accordance with Puritan values in Newton Green Academy.
In 1692 Defoe went bankrupt, paying for the economic disaster even with prison. He managed to revive his financial condition with disparate activities: a brick factory, a consulting service for the government, and some publications as an essayist. Defoe's essays, of a political and economic nature, contained cutting-edge recommendations: they suggested, among other things, the creation of a central bank (which became a reality in 1694), a pension system, insurance companies, and new bankruptcy laws.
After the death of William III (1702), Defoe was arrested on charges of defaming the Church of England in his essay The Shortest Way with the Dissenters. As soon as he was taken prisoner, his wife took the opportunity to divorce and keep the children, given the impossibility for Defoe to raise them.
His political inclinations, Tory or Whig, changed according to hopes of preference and enrichment, and it seems he served as a spy for both parties.
During his years in jail, he began to write the novel The fortunes and misfortunes of the famous Moll Flanders which was published in 1722. The plot is focused on a poor girl who makes a way for herself in the world thanks to her beauty and her cleverness.
Between 1705 and 1707 he moved to Scotland and in 1719 he achieved success as a novelist with the story of a shipwrecked sailor who for 28 years manages to survive alone on a desert island: Robinson Crusoe.
He also wrote in prose, essays, travel books and pamphlets.
He founded The Review, a periodical in two different editions: London and Edinburgh. It is destined to last ten years and to enter the history of English journalism.
Despite all his literary and commercial efforts, in 1731 he ended his life in Moorfields, near London, alone and heavily in debt.
Commenti
Posta un commento