The Beatles were one of the most successful and influential rock bands of the 20th century. The group was formed by the "Fab Four": John Lennon (rhythm guitar, vocals), Paul McCartney (bass guitar, vocals), George Harrison (lead guitar, vocals), and Ringo Starr (drums, vocals). From Liverpool to Global Domination Formed in Liverpool in 1960, they dominated the British and international charts from 1962 to 1970. In the early 1960s, their enormous popularity sparked a global phenomenon known as "Beatlemania." As their music grew in sophistication—led by primary songwriters Lennon and McCartney—the band evolved from pop idols into the embodiment of the 1960s counterculture. They experimented with psychedelia, Indian classical music, and studio techniques that changed the face of the recording industry forever. A Prolific Legacy The Beatles wrote over 200 songs (including 186 original compositions released during their active years). Their catalog includes timeless mast...
Renaissance is a French term which means rebirth.
It signified the rebirth of Classical literature, Greek and Latin, after the centuries in which it had been neglected (from 476 A.D. to 1492).
According to men of the Renaissance, during the Middle Ages the loss of classical learning and art (painting, sculpture and architecture) had meant the death of civilization.
Renaissance contemplated the development of man's capacities not just for artistic but also for social purposes.
The English Renaissance was late in comparison with other European movements which supported Classical tradition.
The new learning (as Humanism) was established in the network of Grammar schools as the Universities of Oxford and Cambridge.
Humanists played a major role in shaping the new Church of England, particularly with regard to the translation of the Bible and the Psalms.
Humanism had made the study of Greek in order to translate the Old and New Testaments into English.
This cultural movement culminated in the Authorised Version of the Bible (1611), also called King James' Version, because it was promoted by King James I.
A blow to traditional beliefs came from the new philosophers best represented by Francis Bacon.
As live science, philosophy rejected the old deductive method in favour of the inductive method, which from particular facts formed general truths.
This meant that personal experience, the sense experience, was more important in the establishment of truth than traditional ideas.
It was another step in the direction of individual thinking and against accepted authority.
It ran parallel to the Reformation with its rejection of a central Church authority in favour of individual conscience.
This rational outlook was at the centre of the philosophy of Thomas Hobbes.

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