Il moderno elaboratore e il sistema binario L’elaboratore moderno viene definito come un sistema elettronico digitale programmabile: sistema: costituito da componenti (input, output, memoria, scheda madre, processore, …) che interagiscono in modo organico tra loro; elettronico digitale: sfrutta componenti elettronici digitali come i transistor; programmabile: il comportamento del sistema è flessibile e specificato mediante un programma, ossia un insieme sequenziale di istruzioni finite ed univocamente interpretabili codificate in un determinato linguaggio di programmazione. Le componenti di un elaboratore moderno si dividono in cinque categorie: dispositivi di input; dispositivi di output; memoria; unità di elaborazione dati (ALU); unità di controllo. Le ultime due componenti sono raggruppate in un’unica componente detta processore. Il processore, realizzato con milioni di piccoli componenti elementari (transistor), è considerato il cuore di un elaboratore elettronico. Al...

In our time the term "victorian" means prudishness, an extreme propriety, often hypocritical, in behaviour or speech.
In fact, many of the unpleasant sides of the Victorians' were inherited from the previous age and were also hidden after Victoria's death.
Others were derived from the philosophical and social theories of the time.
The utilitarianism was one of the most unpleasant sides of this period.
The utilitarian philosophers, e.g. Jeremy Bentham, claimed that everything had to be judged according to standards of utility and how much it promoted the material happiness of the greatest number of people.
But, this led to unrestrained exploitation of human and natural resources.
The Victorian establishment refused to admit the existence of an utilitarian philosophy of life, trying to hide this aspect behind a veil of respectability and facile optimism.
This was the so called Victorian compromise.
The outward strictness of Victorian morals and behaviour were inconsistent with what was going on society. For example, the upper class couldn't tolerate the word "leg" spoken in polite society - both women's and table legs were covered with long skirts - but didn't care about the social conditions that forced poor women into prostitution.
As the century advanced, Victorian moral standards began to break down and some writers like Robert Louis Stevenson began to expose the hypocrisy of Victorian society.
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